A lung abscess is a localized infection in the lung tissue, resulting in a cavity filled with pus and necrotic debris. This serious condition often arises as a complication of aspiration pneumonia or other infections. If not promptly treated, a…
Pneumothorax, commonly known as a collapsed lung, occurs when air leaks into the pleural space—the area between the lung and the chest wall. This air buildup increases pressure on the lung, causing it to collapse partially or completely. Pneumothorax can…
Pleural effusion refers to the accumulation of excess fluid in the pleural space—the thin gap between the lung and chest wall. This condition can impair breathing and often signals an underlying medical issue. While some cases resolve with treatment of…
Interstitial Lung Disease (ILD) encompasses a group of lung disorders characterized by inflammation and scarring of the lung interstitium—the tissue surrounding the air sacs (alveoli). This scarring, or fibrosis, thickens the lung walls, impairing gas exchange and reducing oxygen levels…
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) is a severe, life-threatening condition in which fluid builds up in the alveoli (tiny air sacs) of the lungs, leading to reduced oxygen levels in the bloodstream. It can occur suddenly in critically ill patients…
Bronchiectasis is a chronic lung condition characterized by the abnormal widening and scarring of the airways, leading to mucus accumulation, recurrent infections, and impaired airflow. This condition can significantly affect a person’s quality of life, with symptoms ranging from chronic…
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a chronic and progressive condition characterized by elevated blood pressure in the pulmonary arteries, which carry blood from the heart to the lungs. This increased pressure forces the right side of the heart to work harder,…
Pneumonia is a common but potentially life-threatening infection that inflames the air sacs in the lungs. These sacs may fill with fluid or pus, causing cough, fever, chills, and difficulty breathing. Pneumonia can be classified into two main types based…
Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition characterized by inflammation and narrowing of the airways, leading to recurring episodes of wheezing, breathlessness, chest tightness, and coughing. These symptoms can vary in intensity and frequency, often triggered by environmental or internal factors.…
Aortic dissection is a rare but catastrophic condition that arises when a tear occurs in the inner layer of the aorta. This allows blood to flow between the layers of the vessel wall, creating a false lumen. This condition can…
The heart, a vital organ, is protected by a thin, double-layered sac called the pericardium. While it plays a crucial role in maintaining the heart’s position and function, this protective layer can become inflamed, leading to a condition known as…
The heart is the body’s powerhouse, pumping blood tirelessly to sustain life. But even this vital organ can fall prey to dangerous infections. Endocarditis, a condition where the inner lining of the heart (endocardium) becomes inflamed, often targets the heart…
