Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by a group of symptoms affecting the digestive system. These include abdominal pain, bloating, and altered bowel habits such as diarrhea, constipation, or both. Unlike other gastrointestinal conditions, IBS…
Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is a chronic condition that involves persistent inflammation of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. The two primary forms of IBD are Crohn’s Disease and Ulcerative Colitis. Though they share similarities, these conditions differ in their areas of…
Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD) refers to open sores that develop on the inner lining of the stomach, the upper part of the small intestine (duodenum), or occasionally the lower esophagus. These ulcers form due to the corrosive action of stomach…
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) is a chronic condition where stomach acid frequently flows back into the esophagus, irritating its lining. This reflux of acid can cause discomfort and lead to more severe complications if left untreated. GERD affects millions worldwide…
A lung abscess is a localized infection in the lung tissue, resulting in a cavity filled with pus and necrotic debris. This serious condition often arises as a complication of aspiration pneumonia or other infections. If not promptly treated, a…
Pneumothorax, commonly known as a collapsed lung, occurs when air leaks into the pleural space—the area between the lung and the chest wall. This air buildup increases pressure on the lung, causing it to collapse partially or completely. Pneumothorax can…
Pleural effusion refers to the accumulation of excess fluid in the pleural space—the thin gap between the lung and chest wall. This condition can impair breathing and often signals an underlying medical issue. While some cases resolve with treatment of…
Interstitial Lung Disease (ILD) encompasses a group of lung disorders characterized by inflammation and scarring of the lung interstitium—the tissue surrounding the air sacs (alveoli). This scarring, or fibrosis, thickens the lung walls, impairing gas exchange and reducing oxygen levels…
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) is a severe, life-threatening condition in which fluid builds up in the alveoli (tiny air sacs) of the lungs, leading to reduced oxygen levels in the bloodstream. It can occur suddenly in critically ill patients…
Bronchiectasis is a chronic lung condition characterized by the abnormal widening and scarring of the airways, leading to mucus accumulation, recurrent infections, and impaired airflow. This condition can significantly affect a person’s quality of life, with symptoms ranging from chronic…
